Lubrication



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March 7, 1944. E, H. KQCHER 2,343,302

LUBRICATION Filed Aug. 3, 1940 4 SheetS-Sheet l l ATToRNEYsm 10398 96 fo@ 107 99 97 108 El 4.

E. H. KOCHER Maljch 7, 1944.

LUBRICATION Filed Aug. s', 1940 4 sheets-sheet m/m msm m w1. m mH M m ,J a w d Em March 7, 1944. E. H. KocH'ER LUBRICATI ON Filed Aug. 3, 1940 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 www INVEN-roa Edward fzoo/zez' BY f /z f f f/ l ATTO RNEY S Patented Mar. 7, 1944 MunnrollirluuA Edward H. Kocher, Boonton, N. J., assignor to Aiuto Research Corporation, a corporation of Delaware Application August 3, 1940, Serial No. 350,650

(Cl. ISA- 6) 7 Claims.

The present invention relates to machine tools, and it particularly relates to lubricated machine tool co-nstructions.

Although not specifically restricted thereto, the present invention will be described in connection with its application to the lubrication of surface grinding machines and to other machine tools having reciprocating or moving tables.

It is among the objects of the present invention to provide an improved lubricated machine tool construction which Will be lubricated reliably and automatically in yaccordance with the exact quantity of lubricant required by each bearing and determined by the timing size, speed and mode of operation of the machine.

Another object of the present invention is to provide improved lubricated horizontal hydraulic broaching machines and horizontal boring, drilling and milling machines, and it particularly relates to the provision of lubricated slide mechanisms for these machines as Well as for various turret and cross carriages ofv turret lathes.

Still further objects and advantages Will appear in the more detailed description set forth below, it being understood, however, that this more detailed description is given by Way of illustration and explanation' only and not by Way of limitation, since various changes therein may be made by those skilled in the art Without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention.

In accomplishing the above objects, it has been found most suitable according to one embodiment of the present invention to `provide either a reciprocating unpacked elongated plunger pump which is positioned in a casing or recess on or about the mechanism to be lubricated which will be provided with an actuating member to cause reciprocation of the plunger thereof in accordance with the number of reciprocations or the amount of travel of a carriage sliding member or other reciprocating mechanism.

In the preferred construction, this pump has a single outlet and is connected to a branched distributing tubing and bore system Which feeds a plurality of bearings distributed over and around the machine tool mechanism and particularly the ways and slide bearings of the machine tool mechanism with accurately proportioned, yet relatively minute quantities of lubricant in accordance with the needs of the bearin the drawings Which show one or more of the Various possible embodiments which may be constructed according to the present invention, but to which the invention should not be restricted, since this embodiment is merely illustrative,

Figs. 1 and 2 are respectively end and side Fig. 4 is a transverse longitudinal sectional,

view upon an enlarged scale as compared to Fig. 3 of the pump assembly of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic plan view of the lubricating installation supplied by the pump unit of Figs. `3 and 4, and, in turn, supplying the bearings to be lubricated of the broaching machine of Figs. 1 and 2;

Figs. 6 and 7 are longitudinal sectional views of iiow metering restriction units which may be utilized in connection with the installation of Fig. 5;

Fig. 8 diagrammatically illustrates in side plan view, a double pump lubricating installation;

Figs. 9 and 10 are diagrammatic plan views illustrating an alternative lubricating installation; Fig. 9 illustrating the pump and reservoir construction on a section upon the line 9 9 of Fig. 10; and Fig. 10 illustrating the construction y in a section upon the line lll-I0 of Fig. 9;

Fig. 9a is an enlarged sectional view illustrating the application of the lubricating installation of Figs. 8 to 10 to a Way structure;

Figs, l1 and 12 illustrate an alternative construction of pump and reservoir combination; Fig. 11 being a side sectional View upon the line Il-II of Fig. 12; and Fig. 12 bein-g a transverse sectional View upon the line l2-I2 of Fig. l1;

Figs. 13 and 14 illustrate still another pump and reservoir combination, together with the lubricating installation as applied to a lathe carriage; Fig. 13 being a transverse sectional view upon the line l3-l3 of Fig, 14; and Fig. 14 being a transverse sectional View upon the line ll-ld of Fig. 13;

. Figs. l5 to 17 illustrate still ano-ther combination; Fig. 15 being a transverse sectional View upon the line I5--l5 of Fig. 16; Fig. 16 being a plan view and Fig. 17' being a transverse sectional view upon the line I'l--l'l of Fig. 15..

Referring particularly to Figs. 1 and 2, there is shown a horizontal hydraulic breaching machine which is provided with a bed I serving as a rigid support for the entire mechanism and which contains separate reservoirs and I2 for the hydraulic oil and the cooling agent.

The motor I3 is connected to the hydraulic pumping unit |4 by the exible coupling |5.

The hydraulic pumping unit |4 is positioned on the outside of the baliie I6 and it is continuously submerged in the oil in the hydraulic oil reservoir. The regulator I1 permits variation of the cutting speed, and it is provided with a suitable dial. z

The hydraulic cylinder |8 is secured to the base I0 below the operating slide I9, and it is provided with a piston member 28 having the elongated connecting rod 2| passing through a stulng box arrangement 22 at the inside end of the cylinder. The other end of the cylinder at 23 is blocked o by a cap. The slide will reciprocate upon the hardened steel'ways 24.

' There is also provided a lever 39 which enables control of the slide movement, a pulling head 3| having vertical adjustment,` and a centrifugal pump 32 fitting alongside of the cooling liquid reservoir I2 is fed through the screen 33 which will remove any chip and scales therefrom. The cooling liquid after passing over the Work, passes back through the chute 34 in the end plate 35. The chip compartment 36 opens on the side of the machine normally away from the operator.

The broaching machine as thus described in Figs. 1 and 2 may have a hydraulic cylinder diameter varying from to 81/2 inches, a stroke varying from 36 to 60 inches, a cutting slide speed of to 28 feet per minute, a return slide speed ofabout 40 to 45 feet per minute, and it is desired that the ways 24 be lubricated in proportion to the number of reciprocations of the slide I9.

The slide I9 (see Fig. 3) is provided 'with a reservoir 25 which receives the pump 26 andvcarries the actuator 21 which is yoperated by the depressed cam portion 28 on the cover 29 upon reciprocation of the slide, and it is to this construction that the present invention is most particularly directed.

It will be noted in Fig. 5 that the pump unit 2B supplies lubricant to the conduit 31 which leads to the junction 38.y The junction 38 has outlet conduits 39, 46, 4I and 42 respectively to the high restriction flow metering fittings 43, 44, and 44, positioned so as'to assure distribution of the lubricant over the ways to be lubricated.

The sliding actuator member 21 which fits in the bore 41 in the top wall 49 of the slide |9` above the reservoir 25, has a stop collar which is normally pressed upwardly by the contact face 5| of the lever 52 pivotally mounted at 53 on the ears 54 of the bracket 55.

The bracket 55 is provided with the legs 56, 51r 53 and 59 and the base 66. The legs 56 and the I nase are bolted to the downwardly projecting portions 6| and 52 of the structure |9.

The other end of the lever 52 is provided with. a clevis 63 which i'lts on the rod 64, forming part of the connecting rod 65 (see Fig. 4). The connecting rod 65 carries 'the nut 66 against which reacts the coil spring 61 which encircles the connecting rod 65.

The end of the connecting rod 65 has a recess 58 which receives the coil spring 69. The spring 69 reacts against the mushroom head 10 of theelongated unpacked piston plunger 1|,v which ts in the bore 12 in the pump body 13.

fill

The pump body 13 has a reduced end portion 14 which ts through the opening 15 in the leg 59 and is bolted down by the nut 16.

It is noted that the motion of the connecting rod 65 is limited by Contact of the nut 66 against the end face 11 of the extension 14 of the pump body 13. The end 4of the pump body 1.3 carries the sheet metal cup 18, the base of which carries the screen 19 against which presses the felt lter pad 86 held in position by the rings 8| and 82,

In the end of the pump body 13 is a tapped recess 83, receiving the ball check body 84 having the ball check 85 held against the valve seat 86 by the spring 81 which reacts against the nipple member 88. The side of the pump body I3 is provided with a tapped recess 89, into which screws the body 99 of the outlet ball check having a valve seat member 9|, a ball check 92 and a seating spring 93.

The body 9U constitutes the single inlet of the distributing system of Fig. 5 and connects with the tubing 31.

y The iittings at 43 to 45 may be of the construction shown in either Figs. 6 or 7, with bodies 94 and 95 having central bores 96 and 91 an closely fitting restriction pins 93 and 99.

In Fig 6, the pipe threaded portion |89 is designed to be screwed into an outlet junction or machine part, while in Fig. 7 the pipe threaded end portion |6| is designed to receive lubricant from a junction fitting or from a bore in a, mechamsm.

The nipples |62 and |63 and the pipe threaded end portions |04 and |85 are designed to be attached to compression coupling nuts.

' `Each of the ttings of Figs. 6 and '1 is provided at one end with the cup shaped screen |66, which receives the strainer plug |61 and at the other end with the check valve |68, which is seated by the spring |09.

In operation, as the broach slide I9 travels'rto the limit of its stroke and returns, the depression 28 will operate twice upon the actuator member 21, causing the pump to undergo two discharge strokes which will create a substantially continuous lubricant pressure in the distributing systern of Fig. 5, supplying the correct amount of oil to each bearing surface. l Although in the construction shown there are only four outlet branches 39 to 42, it is of course obvious that an additional number of outlets might be provided, depending upon the size of the broaching machine.

Desirably, drilled holes are provided in the sliding member to conduct the oil from the metering units of Figs. 6 and '1 to the broachways, and the bottom way is lubricated chiey by drainage from upper bearing surfaces. y y

The check valves |68 in the metering units prevent dripping and maintain the system fullof oil so that there is no dripping of oil, nor any lag in lubrication once the machine is started.

In the construction ci' Fig. 8, there is illustrated a horizontal surface broach double pump lubricating installation with a slide |26 moving on the bed |2| which is provided with two reservoirs |22 and two pumps |23 of the construction already described in connection with Figs. 3 and 4.

Each of the pumps is provided with ay lever assembly |24 having a roller follower |25 which is operated by the dog member |26 upon the bottom surface of the slide |20. As the slide |20 moves the full length of the bed |2|, it` will first operate one pump and then the other, with the result that each of the pumps will discharge lubricant on each reciprocation. The pumps may have diameter pistons Varying from 1%; to c of an inch, and may have strokes varying from 1/4 to 2; of an inch.

Details of the lubricating installation shown diagrammatically in Fig. 8, are shown in Figs. 9 and 1G. Each pump is positioned horizontally in the corresponding reservoir |22 which has the end closure |45 upon which the base of the corresponding pump bracket |21 is supported. The base |23 is provided with the outstanding legs |28 and |29. The leg |28 forms a bearing for the connecting rod element |33. The lrocl |30 has the reduced diameter portion |32 which is embraced by the clevis |33 of the lever |34.

The lever |34 is provided with an eye |35 (see Fig. 9), which is xed by the pin |35 upon the shaft |31 which extend through the plate 45 and the boss |38 thereof. The other lever |39 of the lever assemblage |24 is also provided with an eye member |49 fitting on the other end of the shaft |31 and xed thereon by the pin I4 l. Lever |39 carries the roller member |25 which is operated by the dog member |26.

The outlet check valve member |45 has an outlet tubing |41 which extends through the adapter |48 in the side wall |49 of the reservoir |24 and is connected to the external tubing |59.

The tubing |50 leads to the junction |5| which, in turn, has lines |52 leading to the junction |53. Each junction |53 feeds two pairs of metering units |5l through the corresponding end of the piping |55. As shown in Fig. 3a, each of two associated metering units |54 may feed sockets |56 which, in turn, are connected to internal bore systems |51 and |58. The bore system |51 feeds the face |59, whereas the bore system |58 has the bores |52, IBI and |52 extending across the faces |63 and |35, the cross-overs being sealed by the compressible washers |55 compressed into the recesses |66. The bore |52 feeds the bores |61 and 68. The latter bore |68 opens onto the face |69.

In Figs. 1l and 12, is shown a unit useful on an automatic lathe construction. The oil reservoir |89 is provided with a cover |19 and a side flange 18| which receive the bolts 82 enabling the reservoir to be bolted to the side wall of the lathe or the side wall of an apron or lathe carriage. It may be filled through the filler tube 595 in the wall EBI.

The pump |35 has the inlet filter |31 and the outlet check valve unit |88 and may be of the same construction as already described connection with Figs. 3 and ll.

This pump is supported by the cross member |89 of the bracket |95, which is fixed by the screws at |9| and |92 to the Wall or plate |23.

The cross member |93 serves as a bearing for the connecting rod |94. The connecting rod |94 has a recessed portion |95 receiving the clevis member |55 of the arm |91 of the lever iSS.

As best shown in Fig. 11, the lever |83 has a .central sleeve |99 which fits on 'the shaft 260,

extending between the side walls |84 of the bracket.

The sleeve |99 has the outstanding arm 202, the movement of which is limited by an adjustable stop 293 carried by the lug 234 of the bracket |912. The arm 202 carries the rod 255 which extends through the opening or slot 2|2 in the wall |93, and which has a cup-shaped .head 201 at its outer end capped by a friction member 2i 4 and pressed in the direction 293 against the carriage face 239 by a spring 29E that encircles the rod.

Upon. relative movement of the carriage 259 on slideway 2m, the lever |98 will be reciprocatetl, causing one discharge of the pump |38 upon each complete reciprocation.

The pump just described is particularly suitable where it is desired to obtain one complete pump stroke for each longitudinal motion of the carriage 229, whether this carriage moves through either a long or short stroke, and if there is an excess movement beyond that necessary to operate the piston, there will be just a sliding friction between contact elements 299 and 2li, which will not be effective to cause further charge or discharge of the lubricating pump.

1n the construction shown in Figs. 13 and 14, the lathe carriage or other machine tool body is provided with the cross slide ways 22| having the oil grooves 223 and the bores 222 feeding the same, and the oblique side faces 224.

The carriage 226 is designed to slide upon the structure 225 having the vertical contact faces 225 and 221, and the inclined face 228, which contact in turn the faces 229, 230 and 23| of the carriage 22|).

The sliding structure 225 has a. ledge portion 232 and an outstanding wall member 233 having the downwardly extending portion 234 and the forwardly extending portion 235. The members 234 and 235form a recess for receiving the pump 235 which may be of the construction shown in Fig. 4. The recess 231 which receives the pump 233 may be covered by the front plate 239 held in position by the bolts 220. The base of U- shaped bracket 255 is connected b v the bolts 25B as shown best in Fig. 3 to the side wall 251 of the recess 231. The pump 236 is carried by the leg 25d of the U-shaped bracket 255 and the rod 252 has a bearing in the leg 253. As the structure 22) reciprocates the horizontal slider member 24|, which fits in a bore 222 in the boss 243. will be cammed out as it is moved past recess 245 in the face 221. The arm 249 of the bell crank lever is provided with a clevis jaw 255 which fits on the reduced diameter portion 25| of the connecting rod 252. Slider 24| thus pushes arm 241 of bell crank lever 248 to operate pump 235.

The outlet check valve 253 feeds lubricant under pressure into a relatively large diameter tube 259 which leads to the junction 23H on the other side wall 25| of the recess 231.

The junction 260 is held on the side portion 23| by the bolts 252. Connected to the junction are the metering fittings 263 of the construction shown in Fig. 7, which have the outlet coupling 'nuts264 and feed the tubes 255, 266, 221 and As best shown in Fig. 13, the tube 265 connects at 259 to a bore 21|! which in turn leads to a bore 21| largely filled by the filler member 212 to reduce the volume thereof and plugged at 213. From the bore 21|, the lubricant feeds one of the upright oblique bores 222 (see also Fig. 14).

The tube 265 connects at 214 to the internal bore system which terminates in the other oblique bore 222 feeding the other side of the structure at 22|.

The tube 221 (see Fig. 14) connects at 215 to the bore 213 feeding the opening or recess211, from which the lubricant flows down over the contacting faces 221 and 230.

The tubing 2li?, connects at 213 to the internal bore 219, which feeds a groove 28|) conducting lubricant to the contacting faces 225 and 229.

Isuch lathe.

Desirably, the recesses 245 may be spaced apart three or four inches. As the reciprocating member 24! slides in and out of said recesses 24i5, the pump 236 will be caused to reciprocate-feeding lubricant to the variousbearings of the lathe which are to be lubricated.

In the preferred construction, the structure 220 constitutes the apron of the carriage of a lathe with the structure 225 constituting the bed of The reservoir, if desired, may be drained at intervals through the cleaning plug 28|.

In Figs. to 17, is shown a lubricating installation which may be employed in connection with a rotary or reciprocating grinder. In the body 333 of the machine there is a recess 30| which may be closed by the bottom plate 302 and the gasket 303. l y

The bottom plate 362 is provided with a tapped opening 3M, from which the tube 305 extends upwardly to a point 3R15 substantially above the top face 301 of the body 300.

Around the tube 335 is positioned the sleeve 398, which is split at 339 and is provided with the jaws 3&0 which are drawn together with the bolt 3i I. The side of the split sleeve 308 is provided with theL boss 352 (see Fig. 17) against which is bolted by bolt 313 the pads 3l4 of the base 355 of the bracket 3lii. The bracket 3|6 has the outstanding legs 3| 'l and 3I8.

The lower leg 3i8 carries the pump body 3I9 I having inlet strainer cup 320 and the outlet ball 'Ihe connecting rod 326 is normally pressed l downwardly by the spring 321, and it has a bearing in the upper leg 3H of the bracket 3|6.

The upper end of the connecting rod 328, together with the upper end 329 of the reciprocating vertical actuating member 33B, are connected by the plate 33! which may reciprocate from the lower solid line position as shown in 33l, in Fig. 15, to the upper dotted line position. f

The lower'end 332 of 'the reciprocating member l33!! is designed to strike the dogs 333 on the rotical spindle, and there is mounted on the bottom of the spindle, a cup grinding wheel. The parts to be ground are placed on a horizontal table which is alternately moved under and away from the wheel.

' In all the constructions shown, assurance is had of an automatic substantially continuous lubrication of themechanism to be lubricated throughout operation of the particular machilne tool. l y i It will be understood that many changes could be made in the particular features of the mechanism as shown, and many apparently widely different embodiments of this invention could be made without departing from the scope thereof; it is intended that all matter contained in the above description shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

What is claimed is:

l. In a horizontal hydraulic broaching machine having a bed, an operating slide reciprocating on said bed having parallel elongated longitudinal slide bearings to be lubricated, said slide having a recess forming a reservoir and a reciprocatory actuator member projecting vertically past the upper part of said slide, two legs projecting downwardly alongside of said pusher member from said upper part of the slide, an inverted U-shaped bracket with its base mounted on the lower ends of the legs, a horizontally disposed spring returned, reciprocating plunger pump, with an angle lever-pivotally mounted on said bracket actuated by said actuator member to actuate said pump, said bed carrying a cover having a downwardly extending cam-like boss to reciprocate said actuator member on each reciprocation of said slide.

2. In a lubricated machine tool, a relatively moving carriage and a relatively xed frame, having bearing slides along which said carriage moves, one of said elements being provided with a lubricant receiving recess, a bracket affixed to a wall of said recess, a reciprocating pump in said recess and carried by said bracket, an actuator for said pump protruding from said machine tool element, a transmission from said actuator to said pump and carried by said tool element, and means upon the other element of the tool riding over the protruding part of said actuator and operating the pump in the course of the relative sliding movement of the carriage and the xed frame.

3. The combination recited in claim 2 in which the protruding actuator has a sliding t in the machine tool element carrying the same and in which the other relatively moving machine tool element has a dog for operating said actuator.

4. In a lubricated machine tool, a relatively moving carriage and a relatively xed frame, having bearing slides along which said carriage moves, one of said elements being provided with a lubricant receiving recess, a bracket affixed to a wall of said recess, a reciprocating pump in said recess and carried by said bracket, said pump having a connecting rod, said bracket forming a bearing for said connecting rod, an actuator for said connecting rod protruding from said element of the machine tool, and means upon the other element of the, tool riding over the protruding part of said actuator and operating the pump in the course of the relative sliding movement of the carriage and fixed frame.

5. The combination recited in claim 4 in which the actuator is mounted for longitudinal movement in the machine tool element carrying the same, and in which a bell crank lever is pivoted to the pump carrying bracket with one arm thereof in the path of said actuator and in which the other arm has a clevis connection tov said connecting rod.

6. In a lubricated machine tool, a relatively moving carriage, having a lubricant carrying recess in the interior thereof, a relatively xed bed upon which said carriage moves, a xed cover extending over the moving carriage and having a dog on the under surface thereof, a bracket mounted within said lubricant reservoir, a horizontal pump carried by said bracket and having a connecting rod guided thereby, a bell crank lever ymounted on said bracket having an arm with a clevis coacting with said connecting rod and a sliding actuator in the upper part of said moving carriage engaging the other arm of said bell crank lever and having a protruding end to be depressed by said dog as it is moved therepast in the reciprocation of said moving carriage.

7. In a lubricated machine tool, a relatively xed bed, a relatively moving carriage mounted thereon, a lubricant carrying recess in the side of said carriage, a pump carrying bracket aixed to the wall of said recess, a reciprocating pump li? y vertically mounted by said bracket, and having EDWARD H. KOCHER. 

